Intonation of Alternative Questions презентация

Alternative questions
Friendly
Neutral

Alternative questions
form a combined tune in speech.
The common combinations of the nuclear tones are:
Low Rise + Fall
Mid High Rise + Fall
L Rise \ M -H Rise + L Rise \ M -H Rise

The pattern Low Rise + Fall is used in all kinds of situations, the pattern Mid High Rise + Fall - in formal situations.

The FNT in the last intonation group shows that the list of the alternatives is complete:
- Is he 'coming on ´ Wednesday or on ̀Friday?

When the list of the alternatives is incomplete the pattern L Rise \ M -H Rise + L Rise \ M -H Rise is used:
- 'Can she ˙play the ِ piano | or the ِ violin?

A negative reply is to an alternative question with an incomplete list of choices is “No”:
'Will you have some ´juice or ´soda-water?
ֽNo, ِ thank you. I’ve 'just had some ̀tea.

Intonation of Disjunctive Questions

Disjunctive Questions
form a combined tune in speech.
The common combinations of the nuclear tones are:
Fall + Rise
Fall + Fall

Disjunctive Questions
Uncertainty DQ
Certainty DQ

Uncertainty Disjunctive Questions
are used with the first type of the intonation pattern (Fall + Rise):
-You’ve been going 'hungry all ̀day,| ´haven’t you? – No, I haven’t. We went out to the snack bar with Pauline.
This pattern shows that the speaker is not sure of the answer, he will get the listener’s opinion.

Certainty Disjunctive Questions
are used with the 2-nd type of the intonation pattern (Fall + Fall):
I must 'get ˙off at the 'next ̀stop, ̀mustn’t I?
This pattern shows that the speaker is sure of the answer, he will get. The speaker expects the listener to agree with him.