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- 2. What is lexicology? Its relation with morphology, semantics and etymology Lexicology is a branch of linguistics
- 3. Lexicology and morphology Words of a language may be analysed in respect of both their form
- 4. Morphemes are minimal meaningful units because they cannot be broken down into further meaningful units. We
- 5. Free morphemes – can occur alone as individual words: book, go, out. Bound morphemes – can
- 6. Allomorphs are different representations of the same morphemes that are mutually exclusive and in complementary distribution,
- 7. Simple and complex words. Simple words are morphologically unanalysable, complex words are formed from simple words
- 8. Lexicology and semantics Semantics is the branch of linguistics concerned with the study of meaning. Its
- 9. Lexicology and etymology Etymology is one more field of study related to lexicology. Etymology studies the
- 10. Examining the history of words may be quite interesting: e.g. symposium – a meeting or conference
- 11. Etymological information helps to determine cognates – words related in form (and meaning) in other languages.
- 12. “Folk etymology” is a historical process. Speakers who do not understand an obscure form replace it
- 13. Depart – used in wedding ceremonies meaning “to separate” in the expression till death us depart.
- 14. Lexicology and lexicography Lexicography is the process and the technique of writing and compilation of dictionaries.
- 15. Lexicology and Phonology At first sight it may seem that phonology does not interact with lexicology.
- 16. Secondly, stress alone may indicate the difference between words (in case of conversion) or between compound
- 17. Lexicology and syntax Syntax studies the rules of sentence making. Thus syntax is concerned with the
- 18. We may say that syntax deals with more general aspects of language. It deals with rules
- 19. Consider the following deviant sentences. Lexis or syntax? 1.Visitors are aggressively requested to remove their shoes
- 20. The word and its associative field Every word in a language is involved in a network
- 21. Lexical fields Lexical field (semantic field, semantic domain) is an area of meaning in which lexemes
- 22. The main statement of the theory: the vocabulary of a language is a system. Lexemes are
- 23. Example VOCABULARY I LEXICAL FIELD heavenly bodies I WORD star, satellite, planet, sun, nova, galaxy, comet,
- 24. There are some difficulties with this theory. Sometimes it is difficult to assign a word to
- 25. Each word delimits the meanings of other words in the field, it marks off an area
- 26. The field of "parts of the face“ forehead eyes eyebrows eyelids brow eyelashes temples chin nose
- 27. The terms within the field are arranged spatially and quite clearly delimited, though there is some
- 28. The field of "stages of life“ new-born preteen infant teenager nursling, suckling juvenile, minor baby young
- 29. octogenarian nonagenarian centenarian The field is arranged sequentially, though there is considerable overlap between terms (e.g.
- 30. Word families Bauer and Nation (1993) Words are grouped into “families” on the basis of their
- 31. Word classes The notion of word class may also be used to account for the structure
- 32. Quirk et al. distinguish only 4 classes: closed classes: preposition, pronoun determiner, conjunction, auxiliary verb –
- 33. At present the majority of linguists agree that all words fall into two broad types –
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