Handle system overview. Digital object architectures презентация

Corporation for National Reserch Initiatives
Framework for managing Digital (Information) Objects
Give it a name and talk to it
Don’t worry about where it is
Don’t worry about what it’s made of
Rise above details of application versions and content formats
Digital Object Architecture - Goals

Corporation for National Reserch Initiatives
Digital Object Architecture

Corporation for National Reserch Initiatives
Digital Object Architecture Components
Handle System
Go from name to attributes
Fundamental indirection system for Digital Object management on the net
No free lunch
Added layer of infrastructure
Must be managed

Corporation for National Reserch Initiatives
Digital Object Architecture Components
Repository
Frees digital content from constraints of specific technologies
Provide access across systems, space, time
No free lunch
Added layer of infrastructure
Must be managed

Corporation for National Reserch Initiatives
Repository Approach to Interoperability
Modularization
Separate raw data (byte stream) from data type
Separate type definition from type implementation
Extensibility
Create new types on demand
New components accessible (with controls) over the network
Standard access protocol (RAP)

Corporation for National Reserch Initiatives
Naming Resources on the Net
The Problem
www.acme.com

Corporation for National Reserch Initiatives
Naming Resources on the Net
The Solution
www.acme.com

Corporation for National Reserch Initiatives
Naming Resources on the Net
The Solution
Name = Value(s)
10.123/xyz = http://www.newbusiness.com/chapter.pdf
http://www.newbusiness.com/chapter.pdf
www.newbusiness.com
www.acme.com

Corporation for National Reserch Initiatives
Distributed, scalable, secure
Enforces unique names
Enables association of one or more typed values, e.g., URL, with each name
Optimized for speed and reliability
Open, well-defined protocol and data model
Provides infrastructure for application domains, e.g., digital libraries, electronic publishing ...
CNRI Handle System

Corporation for National Reserch Initiatives
Handle System Implementations
Library of Congress
IDF (International DOI Foundation)
CrossRef (scholarly journal consortium)
Enpia (Korean content management technology firm)
CDI (U.S. content management technology firm)
LON (U.S. learning object technology firm)
CAL (Copyright Agency Ltd - Australia)
TSO (U.K. publisher & info mgmt service provider)
MEDRA (Multilingual European DOI Registration Agency)
cIDF (Content IDF Forum, based in Japan)
DTIC (Defense Technical Information Center)
NTIS (National Technical Information Service)
Various digital library production and research projects

Corporation for National Reserch Initiatives
Handles Resolve to Typed Data
Handle data
Handle
Data type
Index
10.123/456
URL
1
http://acme.com/….

Corporation for National Reserch Initiatives
The Two Types of Handle Query

Corporation for National Reserch Initiatives
Handle Resolution
GHR

Corporation for National Reserch Initiatives
Handle Clients
Global Handle
Registry

Corporation for National Reserch Initiatives
Handle Clients
Request to Client:
Resolve hdl:10.1000/1

Corporation for National Reserch Initiatives
Service Information - Acme Local Handle Service
Primary Site
123.45.67.8
Port #
Secondary Site B
Server 1
Server 1
Server 2
Server 3
Server 1
Server 2
123.52.67.9
321.54.678.12
321.54.678.14
762.34.1.1
123.45.67.4
Public Key
...
2641
K03RLQ...
2641
2641
2641
2641
2641
5&M#FG...
F^*JLS...
3E$T%...
A2S4D...
N0L8H7...
...
...
...
...
...
...
IP Address
Secondary Site A
Handle Clients

Corporation for National Reserch Initiatives
Service Information - Acme Local Handle Service
Primary Site
123.45.67.8
Port #
Secondary Site B
Server 1
Server 1
Server 2
Server 3
Server 1
Server 2
123.52.67.9
321.54.678.12
321.54.678.14
762.34.1.1
123.45.67.4
Public Key
...
2641
K03RLQ...
2641
2641
2641
2641
2641
5&M#FG...
F^*JLS...
3E$T%...
A2S4D...
N0L8H7...
...
...
...
...
...
...
IP Address
Secondary Site A
Handle Clients

Corporation for National Reserch Initiatives
Service Information - Acme Local Handle Service
Primary Site
123.45.67.8
Port #
Secondary Site B
Server 1
Server 1
Server 2
Server 3
Server 1
Server 2
123.52.67.9
321.54.678.12
321.54.678.14
762.34.1.1
123.45.67.4
Public Key
...
2641
K03RLQ...
2641
2641
2641
2641
2641
5&M#FG...
F^*JLS...
3E$T%...
A2S4D...
N0L8H7...
...
...
...
...
...
...
IP Address
Secondary Site A
Handle Clients

Corporation for National Reserch Initiatives
Handle Clients
3. Client queries Server 3
in Secondary Site A
for 10.1000/1
#1
#2
#3
Primary Site
Secondary Site A
Secondary Site B
Request to Client:
Resolve hdl:10.1000/1
Acme Local
Handle Service

Corporation for National Reserch Initiatives
Handle Clients
4. Server responds with
handle data
#1
#2
Primary Site
Secondary Site A
Secondary Site B
Request to Client:
Resolve hdl:10.1000/1
#3
Acme Local
Handle Service

Corporation for National Reserch Initiatives
Handle Clients
Handle System
http://hdl.handle.net/123.456/abc

Corporation for National Reserch Initiatives
Handle Clients
Handle System
hdl:/123.456/abc
Client
Plug-In

Corporation for National Reserch Initiatives
Handle Clients
Handle System
HTTP
Handle Admin API

Corporation for National Reserch Initiatives
Handle Clients
Handle System
Custom
Client

Corporation for National Reserch Initiatives
Handle Clients
Handle System
Handle Administration
embedded in another
process

Corporation for National Reserch Initiatives
Handle Clients
Handle System
Handle Administration
embedded in another
process
Handle Resolution
embedded in another
process

Corporation for National Reserch Initiatives
Ownership is at the handle level
Administrators defined by handles
Administrator handles contain keys
All admin transactions validated via challenge/response from server to client
Allows distributed administration
HS Administration

Corporation for National Reserch Initiatives
Metadata Collection and DOI Registration
Electronic version of
Advanced Synthesis & Catalysis
published by Wiley Interscience
Handle Data and Metadata
10.XXXX/1234
http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/…
b/
Advanced Synthesis & Catalysis
New Horizona
Bill Smith
786-980
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer
elit, sed diem nonummy nibh euismod. Lorem ipsum
dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit, sed
diem nonummy nibh euismod
http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/...

Corporation for National Reserch Initiatives
Metadata Collection and DOI Registration
Handle data and metadata

Corporation for National Reserch Initiatives
Metadata Collection and DOI Registration
Handle data and metadata
Publisher 1
Publisher 3
Publisher 2
Publisher n

Corporation for National Reserch Initiatives
Appropriate Copy Problem
Handle System
ABC Journal
publisher
abc.com
Reference with
DOI for
article.html
in ABC Journal
XYZ University
Local Copy of
article.html
in ABC Journal
dx.doi.org
proxy server

Corporation for National Reserch Initiatives
Appropriate Copy Problem: solved
Handle System
ABC Journal
publisher
abc.com
Reference with
DOI for
article.html
in ABC Journal
XYZ University
Local Copy of
article.html
in ABC Journal
dx.doi.org
proxy server
understands cookies

Corporation for National Reserch Initiatives
Appropriate Copy Problem
solved w/o local copy
Handle System
ABC Journal
publisher
abc.com
Reference with
DOI for
article.html
in ABC Journal
XYZ University
Local Copy of
article.html
in ABC Journal
X
dx.doi.org
proxy server
understands cookies

Corporation for National Reserch Initiatives
Appropriate Copy Problem
extensible solution
Handle System
ABC Journal
publisher
abc.com
Reference with
DOI for
article.html
in ABC Journal
XYZ University
Local Copy of
article.html
in ABC Journal
dx.doi.org
proxy server
understands cookies

Corporation for National Reserch Initiatives
Repository Overview

Corporation for National Reserch Initiatives
Digital Libraries Without a Digital Object System
Web-based
Digital Library
Client
Content Operations
(CGI scripts)
CGI s
Content
Data

Corporation for National Reserch Initiatives
Digital Libraries With a Digital Object System
Content
Data
Web-based
Digital Library
Client

Corporation for National Reserch Initiatives
Exists within the Digital Object Architecture with the goal of making information a first class citizen on the Internet.
Allows high level information to be moved around on the Internet much as packets of data are today.
Aggregates relevant heterogeneous data and metadata.
Solves the who is where problem of network addressing by using the CNRI Handle System®, a location independent global naming service.
Describes the what of information in an concise and extensible manner.
Digital Information Object

Corporation for National Reserch Initiatives
Digital Information Object Intents of Use The Intents of use extensible typing mechanism specifies what a Digital Information Object contains.
A specific Digital Information Object’s intent of use is described as a content type.
Content types are registered and uniquely identifiable.
A content type defines a unique set of operations that can be performed on specific information type.
The set of operations is known as a content type signature.
A content type signature can be implemented in different ways in the form of mobile code called servlets.

Corporation for National Reserch Initiatives
Complex Digital Object Dissemination

Corporation for National Reserch Initiatives
Digital Object Overview

Corporation for National Reserch Initiatives
Hamlet
It’s a Book
Get Page(2)
Digital Object Overview
Hamlet

Corporation for National Reserch Initiatives
Digital objects are uniquely identified in a given name space.
Data elements reference sequences of typed bytes.
A Digital Object can have zero or more Content Types to reflect the intents of use of its creator.
Digital Object Overview

Corporation for National Reserch Initiatives
Digital Object Repository
Provides distributed Digital Object storage.
Behaves as a Digital Object.
Provides a dynamic acquisition and execution mechanism for the mobile code that implements the content type operations.
Exclusively accessed using the Repository Access Protocol (RAP).

Corporation for National Reserch Initiatives
Content Type Extensibility

Corporation for National Reserch Initiatives
Content Type Registration

Corporation for National Reserch Initiatives
Digital Object Structures
Type Signature
Servlet

Corporation for National Reserch Initiatives
Metadata
100.1/Metadata
Disseminator
Digital Object Structures
Image
Handle Service
.txt
Attachment
100.1/MetadataImplementation
Attachments
100.1/ImageImplementation
100.1/Image
signature
servlet

Corporation for National Reserch Initiatives
Content Type Extensibility Mechanism
Identifier

Corporation for National Reserch Initiatives
Extensible Dissemination Mechanism
Type Signature
Servlet

Corporation for National Reserch Initiatives
Digital Object Chaining
Provides a building block approach to information management.
Enables the creation of information and operation links.
Content Chaining: a digital object’s data element can reference its respective content.
Operations Chaining: servlets can dynamically establish links to external resources or digital object when executed.
Content Type Chaining: chaining servlets can be designed to dynamically build digital object chains from input parameters.

Corporation for National Reserch Initiatives
Content Chaining Mechanism
Data
Element

Corporation for National Reserch Initiatives
Operation Chaining Mechanism

Corporation for National Reserch Initiatives
Digital Object Chaining Example
Example: ask the Babel Fish Object: generate an audio version of a French translation of Shakespeare's Hamlet.