Brest Fortress презентация

Building
The construction of the fortress began in 1833 according to the design of the military topographer and engineer KI Opperman

Building
First, temporary earthworks were erected, the first stone in the foundation of the fortress was laid on June 1, 1836. On April 26, 1842, the fortress was ready. The fortress consisted of a citadel and three fortifications defending it with a total area of ​​4 square meters. Km and the length of the main fortress line is 6.4 km.

Building
In the years 1864-1888. The fortress was modernized according to the project of E. I. Totleben. It was surrounded by a ring of forts 32 km in circumference. On the territory of the fortress the St. Nicholas Church was built.

June 22, 1941 at 4:15 (Moscow time) through the fortress was opened a hurricane artillery fire, caught the garrison by surprise. As a result, warehouses were destroyed, the water supply was damaged, communication was cut off, and large losses were caused to the garrison. At 4:23 the assault was launched.
Storming the fortress.

Storming the fortress.
The surprise of the attack led to the fact that the garrison could not render a single coordinated resistance and was divided into several separate centers. However, the parts of the garrison in the rear of the Germans turned into a counterattack, dismembering and partially destroying the attackers.

Storming the fortress.
Strong resistance was met by the Germans at Volyn and, especially, at the Kobrin fortification, where it came to bayonet attacks. A small part of the garrison with a piece of equipment was able to leave the fortress and connect with its units; By 9 o'clock in the morning the fortress with 6-8 thousand people remaining in it was surrounded.

Defense.
On the night of June 23, when troops were withdrawn to the outer ramparts of the fortress, the Germans began shelling, offering the garrison to surrender in breaks. Surrendered about 1900 people.

Defense.
On June 23, the remaining defenders of the fortress succeeded in knocking out Germans from the area of ​​the ring barracks adjacent to the Brest Gate, to unite the two most powerful remaining resistance centers on the Citadel: combat group 455 sp, led by Lieutenant Vinogradov and captain Zubachov; "Officers' houses"

Defense.
Defenders of the Citadel tried to coordinate their actions: the draft "Order No. 1" dated June 24 was drafted, suggesting the creation of a combined combat group and headquarters headed by Captain Zubachov and his deputy Regimental Commissar Fomin, to calculate the remaining personnel. However, the next day the Germans broke into the Citadel with a sudden attack.

Defense.
A large group of defenders of the Citadel, led by Lieutenant Vinogradov, tried to break out of the Fortress through the Kobrin fortification. But it ended in failure: although the breakthrough group, divided into several detachments, managed to break through the main shaft, its soldiers were captured or destroyed.

Defense.
By the evening of June 24, the Germans had seized most of the fortress, except for the Officers' House near the Citadel's Brest Gate, casemates in the earthen rampart on the opposite bank of Mukhovets located on the Kobrin fortification.

Defense.
On this day the Germans managed to capture 1250 defenders of the Fortress. The last 450 defenders of the Citadel were captured on June 26 after the explosion of several compartments of the ringed barracks of the "House of Officers", and on June 29, after the Germans dropped an air bomb weighing 1,800 kg, the Eastern Fort fell.

Defense.
However, the Germans finally managed to clean it up only on June 30. On June 27, the Germans began using artillery firing concrete shells weighing more than 2 tons and weighing 1250 kg of explosives. After the rupture of the projectile, funnels with a diameter of 30 meters were formed and horrific injuries were inflicted to the defenders, including a rupture of the lungs of those who hid in the basement of the fortress from shock waves.

Defense.
One of the inscriptions in the fortress reads:
"I'm dying, but I'm not
giving up! Goodbye, Motherland "

IT WAS REPORTED THAT THE LAST AREAS OF RESISTANCE IN THE FORTRESS WERE DESTROYED ONLY IN LATE AUGUST, WHEN HITLER AND MUSSOLINI VISITED THE FORTRESS WITH ENHANCED PROTECTION TO PROTECT THEM FROM POSSIBLE REMAINING FIGHTERS OF THE BREST FORTRESS. IT IS ALSO KNOWN THAT THE STONE THAT HITLER TOOK FROM THE RUINS OF THE FORTRESS BRIDGE WAS DISCOVERED IN HIS OFFICE AFTER THE END OF THE WAR.
Fortress of War