Passive Voice. Страдательный залог презентация

Страдательный залог (Passive Voice) образуется при помощи вспомогательного глагола to be в соответствующем времени, лице и числе и причастия прошедшего времени смысл. глагола – Participle II (III –я форма или ed-форма).

Употребление Passive Voice
Active Voice – подлежащее само выполняет действие:
The boy wrote a poem. – Мальчик написал стихотворение.
Passive Voice употребляется когда неизвестно или неважно, кем выполняется действие – действие производится над подлежащим:
The poem was written by a boy.- Стихотворение было написано мальчиком.
Если указано, кем производится действие, употребляется предлог by.

Вопросительная форма образуется путём переноса первого вспомогательного глагола на место перед подлежащим, например:

Отрицательная форма образуется путем постановки отрицательной частицы not после первого вспомогательного глагола, например:

She woke up early in the morning. - She was woken from her sleep by his singing.
I deny that, - said Joan. – The decision was denied by my friends.
Jane broke the vase. - The vase was broken by Jane.

Переведите:
1. Some libraries were founded by kings and presidents.
2. This book was published in 1890.
3. This work will be finished in March.
4. This telegram won`t be sent till tomorrow.
5. All my friends are invited to this party.
6. All the reports at the UNO are translated into Chinese.
7. We hope that your lost dog will be found soon.

Practice Passive
Say what and when and by whom was invented. Use the table.

Change the following sentences into passive
They have arrested him for shoplifting.
People in Chile speak Spanish.
They are repairing your car now.
Solar power drives this car.
The Chinese invented paper.
He has been arrested for shoplifting.
Spanish is spoken in Chile.
Your car is being repaired now.
This car is driven by solar power.
Paper was invented by the Chinese.

Change the following sentences into passive
They have arrested him for shoplifting.
People in Chile speak Spanish.
They are repairing your car now.
Solar power drives this car.
The Chinese invented paper.
He has been arrested for shoplifting.
Spanish is spoken in Chile.
Your car is being repaired now.
This car is driven by solar power.
Paper was invented by the Chinese.

Переведите на английский, употребляя глаголы в Present, Past или Future Simple Passive.
Мне расскажут I will be told
Мне рассказывают I am told
Мне рассказали I was told
Мне покажут I will be shown
Мне показывают I am shown
Мне показали I was shown
Нас спросили We were asked
Нас спрашивают We are asked
Нас спросят We will be asked

Нам ответили We were answered
Нам отвечают We are answered
Нам ответят We will be answered
Ему помогли He was helped
Ему помогают He is helped
Ему помогут He will be helped

Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Present, Past или Future Simple Passive.
1. My question (to answer) yesterday.
My question was answered yesterday.
2. Hockey (to play) in winter.
Hockey is played in winter.
3. Mushrooms (to gather) in autumn.
Mushrooms are gathered in autumn.
4. Many houses (to burn) during the Great Fire of London.
Many houses were burnt during the Great Fire of London.

5. His new book (to finish) next year.
His new book will be finished next year.
6. Flowers (to sell) in shops and in the streets.
Flowers are sold in shops and in the streets.
7. St. Petersburg (to found) in 1703.
St. Petersburg was founded in 1703.
8. Bread (to eat) every day.
Bread is eaten every day.
9. The letter (to receive) yesterday.
The letter was received yesterday.

Тест:
1. Окно разбито.
а) The window is broken.
b) The window was broken.
c) The window will be broken.
2. Окно было разбито.
а) The window is broken.
b) The window was broken.
c) The window will be broken.
3. Окно будет разбито.
а) The window is broken.
b) The window was broken.
c) The window will be broken.
4. Камень брошен.
а) The stone is thrown.
b) The stone was thrown.
c) The stone will be thrown.

5. Фильм будет просмотрен.
a) The film was seen.
b) The film will be seen.
c) The film is seen.
6. Дом будет построен.
a) The house will be built.
b) The house is built.
c) The house was built.
7. Дом строится.
a) The house is built.
b) The house is being built.
c) The house was built.
8. Дом строился какое-то время.
a) The house is being built.
b) The house was being built.
c) The house was built.

9. Статья прочитана.
a) The article is read.
b) The article was read.
c) The article was being read.
10. Статья читается.
a) The article is read.
b) The article is being read.
c) The article was read.
11. Статья была прочитана.
a) The article was read.
b) The article is read.
c) The article was being read.
12. Статья читалась в течение какого-то времени.
a) The article was read.
b) The article is read.
c) The article was being read.