Structure of a lesson презентация

Aims of today’s session:
Look at different lesson components
Share ideas to start lessons effectively
Discuss inductive and deductive teaching
Explain rationales behind different types of practice activities
Self-study: Look at how different types of lessons are organized

Finish these metaphors for lessons:
A good lesson is like a film because ...
A good lesson is like a football match because ...
A good lesson is like a meal because ...
A good lesson is like a symphony because ...

Every effective lesson plan should build toward the achievement of the objective and connect to long-term instructional goals
“I do, we do, you do” approach
Five Step Lesson Plan

5-Step Lesson Structure

Okay class, open your books to page 321 and begin reading the text. When you finish, do tasks 3 through 11. Any questions?

Opening procedures may include…
Signaling attention
Describe the goals of the lesson
Inform students about the knowledge and skills they will acquire
Explain how this information relates to previous class, life outside class, and bigger world
Explain what students are expected to do in class, including rules and teacher expectations
Describe the relationship of the lesson with the forthcoming test or exam
Provides an opportunity to review the previous lesson
Helps assess knowledge and skills relevant to the current lesson
…

Types of Introductory Activities

Types of Introductory Activities

Types of Introductory Activities

Types of Introductory Activities

Type of introductory activity?
Teacher gets each student to write three statements about themselves. Two statements are true, while one is false. Each student reads their three statements to the class and the rest of the class guess which statement isn’t true.
Teacher commands drills in a funny way (e.g. Stand up. Sit down. Hold up your right hand. Show me your pen….)

3. Teacher puts a quote on the wall. The quote reads: “All you need is love. But a little chocolate now and then “doesn't hurt.” Charles M. Schulz”. T asks the students how they feel about the quote (Do you agree or disagree with this statement?)
4. Teacher writes a long word on the board (e.g. CONSTITUTION) and asks students to provide words using the letters of the word on the board.

5. Each student divides the sheet into four squares. For each square, each person will describe themselves in the form of drawings. They could be asked to draw “favorite hobbies,” “favorite place on earth for vacation,” “if you were an animal, which one would you be?” and “what are the most important things in your life?” When everyone is finished drawing, T gathers them together to share the drawings as a group.

6. The learners are going to read a text about computers in the lesson. The teacher asks them to change their seating and sit down in an order based on how much they use a computer. This requires them to move around and talk to each other.
7. Teacher gives out several strips with sentence parts from a text. Students have to put the sentences in the correct order individually, in pairs or small groups. After students assemble the scrambled sentences in order and there is a class consensus on the correct order, T ask students what they think the reading will be about.

8. Teacher gives each learner a sheet with a series of 'Find someone who…' statements, e.g. 'Find someone who has a cat'. Learners circulate around the class and complete the statements with names.
9. Teacher puts a picture of a family on the board. She begins by stating, “What do you see,” then asks a more specific question, such as “What problems do you see in this picture?” “Why is this boy sad?”

THREE TEACHERS’
LESSON STARTS
What strategies of lesson opening do they use?
What works well?
What would you do differently?

Effective lesson starts
Lesson opening should be relevant to the topic you are studying
Hook the students attention at once
Consider quiet or energizing lesson starts depending on the energy in the group
Activate Ss experience and previous knowledge
Think carefully about the type of lesson start and timing
Use pictorial prompts, realia, anecdotes, personal stories with care!

INSTRUCTION

Inductive teaching

Advantages of inductive teaching
It is student-centered
It is authentic
It stimulates learner autonomy
The action of discovery helps learners retain more information
It fosters communication in class
It responds better to SS needs and encourages use of various learning strategies and styles

Any disadvantages?
Can require more class-time
SS may need to be introduced into such kind of teaching
May not be appropriate for all SS and especially administration

Deductive teaching

Advantages of deductive teaching
It can meet student expectations
It is more ‘teacher-friendly’ (T controls the input)
A more efficient use of time
Complies with many coursebooks and syllabuses

Any disadvantages?
It is teacher-centered
It does not provide room for learner autonomy It can be boring

Video
Watch two teachers presenting instruction to their learners.
Say which is an example of inductive and deductive teaching.
Watch Teacher 3 – what kind of approach is used?

Types of lessons
Reading skills lessons
Listening skills lessons
Writing skills lessons
Speaking skills lessons
Grammar lessons

Making reading communicative
https://www.teachingenglish.org.uk/article/making-reading-communicative
A framework for planning a listening skills lesson at http://www.teachingenglish.org.uk/comment/18920
Planning a writing lesson
https://www.teachingenglish.org.uk/article/planning-a-writing-lesson

Planning a grammar lesson
http://www.teachingenglish.org.uk/article/planning-a-grammar-lesson
Improving Adult English Language Learners' Speaking Skills
http://www.cal.org/caela/esl_resources/digests/Speak.html
Stages of a speaking lesson https://www.professorjackrichards.com/stages-speaking-lesson/