Слайд 2
![The Plant Body](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/247859/slide-1.jpg)
Слайд 3
![ROOTS IN FLOWERING PLANTS Origin (Radicle or Adventitious) Function External](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/247859/slide-2.jpg)
ROOTS IN FLOWERING PLANTS
Origin (Radicle or Adventitious)
Function
External Anatomy
Internal Anatomy
Specialized Roots
Roots and
Plant Nutrition
Слайд 4
![Evolutionary Lineages of Life dicots monocots 3.6 bya 2.5 bya 0.6 bya](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/247859/slide-3.jpg)
Evolutionary Lineages of Life
dicots
monocots
3.6 bya
2.5 bya
0.6 bya
Слайд 5
![Monocotyledonous & Dicotyledonous Flowering Plants](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/247859/slide-4.jpg)
Monocotyledonous & Dicotyledonous Flowering Plants
Слайд 6
![Embryonic root or radicle](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/247859/slide-5.jpg)
Embryonic root or radicle
Слайд 7
![World’s Biggest Seed with Embryonic Root or Radicle The Royal](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/247859/slide-6.jpg)
World’s Biggest Seed with Embryonic Root or Radicle
The Royal Botanic Garden
in Edinburgh germinated this bowling-ball-like coco de mer (Lodicea maldivica) palm.
The seed weighs 35lb (16kg) and can produce a tree that will live up to 300 years.
Scottish botanists put in a dark case, and now a root has developed. It will produce one leaf a year for the next few years. The tree will begin to flower in 20-30 years and produce its own seeds after another five to seven years (10-09-03).
Source: http://www.crocus.co.uk/whatsgoingon/regionalscotland/
Слайд 8
![Tap root and Fibrous (Diffuse) Root Systems – Both arise from radicle](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/247859/slide-7.jpg)
Tap root and Fibrous (Diffuse) Root Systems – Both arise from
radicle
Слайд 9
![Comparison of Root Systems](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/247859/slide-8.jpg)
Comparison of Root Systems
Слайд 10
![Adventitious Roots: roots that arise from anything other than the radicle](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/247859/slide-9.jpg)
Adventitious Roots: roots that arise from anything other than the radicle
Слайд 11
![Adventitious Roots: roots that arise from anything other than the radicle](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/247859/slide-10.jpg)
Adventitious Roots: roots that arise from anything other than the radicle
Слайд 12
![Roots of the Future? Carrot Man from “Lost in Space”](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/247859/slide-11.jpg)
Roots of the Future?
Carrot Man from “Lost in Space”
Слайд 13
![Roots: Function Roots anchor the plant in the substratum or](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/247859/slide-12.jpg)
Roots: Function
Roots anchor the plant in the substratum or soil.
Roots
absorb water and dissolved nutrients or solutes (nitrogen, phosphorous, magnesium, boron, etc.) needed for normal growth, development, photosynthesis, and reproduction.
In some plants, roots have become adapted for specialized functions.
Слайд 14
![EXTERNAL ANATOMY Root cap Region of cell division Region of elongation Region of differentiation or maturation](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/247859/slide-13.jpg)
EXTERNAL ANATOMY
Root cap
Region of cell division
Region of elongation
Region of differentiation or maturation
Слайд 15
![Root Cap](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/247859/slide-14.jpg)
Слайд 16
![Root Cap thimble-shaped mass of parenchyma cells at the tip](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/247859/slide-15.jpg)
Root Cap
thimble-shaped mass of parenchyma cells at the tip of each
root
protects the root from mechanical injury
Dictyosomes or Golgi bodies release a mucilaginous lubricant (mucigel) cells lasts less than a week, then these die
possibly important in perception of gravity (i.e., geotropism or gravitropism)
amyloplasts (also called statoliths) appear to accumulate at the bottom of cells
Слайд 17
![Region of Cell Division Apical meristem - cells divide once](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/247859/slide-16.jpg)
Region of Cell Division
Apical meristem - cells divide once or twice
per day.
The transitional meristems arise from the tips of roots and shoots. These include:
the protoderm (which forms the epidermis)
the ground meristem (which forms the ground tissue)
the procambium (forms the primary phloem and xylem).
Слайд 18
![Region of Elongation - cells become longer and wider](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/247859/slide-17.jpg)
Region of Elongation - cells become longer and wider
Слайд 19
![Region of Maturation or Differentiation](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/247859/slide-18.jpg)
Region of Maturation or Differentiation
Слайд 20
![Region of Maturation or Differentiation root hairs develop as protuberances](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/247859/slide-19.jpg)
Region of Maturation or Differentiation
root hairs develop as protuberances from epidermal
cells
increase the surface area for the absorption of water
cuticle exists on root but not on root hairs
Слайд 21
![Dicot Root in Cross Section](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/247859/slide-20.jpg)
Dicot Root in Cross Section
Слайд 22
![Dicot root in Cross Section](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/247859/slide-21.jpg)
Dicot root in Cross Section
Слайд 23
![The Casparian Strip](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/247859/slide-22.jpg)
Слайд 24
![](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/247859/slide-23.jpg)
Слайд 25
![Monocot Root in Cross Section](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/247859/slide-24.jpg)
Monocot Root in Cross Section
Слайд 26
![Lateral Roots Arise from the Pericycle of the Stele](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/247859/slide-25.jpg)
Lateral Roots Arise from the Pericycle of the Stele
Слайд 27
![Secondary Growth in Dicot Roots](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/247859/slide-26.jpg)
Secondary Growth in Dicot Roots
Слайд 28
![Secondary Growth in Dicot Roots](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/247859/slide-27.jpg)
Secondary Growth in Dicot Roots
Слайд 29
![Primary and Secondary Growth in Roots http://www.biologie.uni-hamburg.de/b-online/library/webb/BOT311/PrimSec/primarysecondary4.htm](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/247859/slide-28.jpg)
Primary and Secondary Growth in Roots
http://www.biologie.uni-hamburg.de/b-online/library/webb/BOT311/PrimSec/primarysecondary4.htm
Слайд 30
![](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/247859/slide-29.jpg)
Слайд 31
![Modified Roots Food storage Propagative roots Pneumatophores Aerial Roots Photosynthetic](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/247859/slide-30.jpg)
Modified Roots
Food storage
Propagative roots
Pneumatophores
Aerial Roots
Photosynthetic roots of some
orchids
Contractile roots some herbaceous dicots and monocots
Buttress roots looks
Parasitic roots
Symbiotic roots
mycorrhizae or “fungus roots”
Legumes (e.g., pea, beans, peanuts) and bacterium form root nodules.
Слайд 32
![Food Storage Roots](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/247859/slide-31.jpg)
Слайд 33
![](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/247859/slide-32.jpg)
Слайд 34
![Jack-o'-lanterns from Turnips](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/247859/slide-33.jpg)
Jack-o'-lanterns from Turnips
Слайд 35
![Jack-o'-lanterns from Turnips](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/247859/slide-34.jpg)
Jack-o'-lanterns from Turnips
Слайд 36
![Turnip + Cabbage = Rutabaga](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/247859/slide-35.jpg)
Turnip + Cabbage = Rutabaga
Слайд 37
![Pneumatophores - black mangrow](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/247859/slide-36.jpg)
Pneumatophores - black mangrow
Слайд 38
![Cypress Knees](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/247859/slide-37.jpg)
Слайд 39
![Buttress Roots](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/247859/slide-38.jpg)
Слайд 40
![Symbiotic Roots Legumes (e.g., pea, beans, peanuts) form root nodules.](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/247859/slide-39.jpg)
Symbiotic Roots
Legumes (e.g., pea, beans, peanuts) form root nodules. Mutualism
between a plant and bacterium which allows for the fixation of atmospheric nitrogen to form that the plant can utilized. The bacterium is reward with food and a place to live
Слайд 41
![Symbiotic Roots Mycorrhizae or "fungus roots" where a symbiotic relationship](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/247859/slide-40.jpg)
Symbiotic Roots
Mycorrhizae or "fungus roots" where a symbiotic relationship forms
between a plant and a fungus.
In this partnership the fungus provides protection against some types of pathogens and increase the surface area for the absorption of essential nutrients (e.g. phosphorous) from the soil. The plant in return provides food for the fungus in the form of sugar and amino acids
Слайд 42
![Photosynthetic Roots](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/247859/slide-41.jpg)
Слайд 43
![Parasitic roots - Dodder](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/247859/slide-42.jpg)