Republic of Ireland презентация

Content
1.Geografical Position
2.Population
3.Economy
4.Famous people

Geografical Position
Ireland is an island in Northwestern Europe in the north Atlantic Ocean. The island lies on the European continental shelf, part of the Eurasian Plate. The island's main geographical features include low central plains surrounded by coastal mountains. The highest peak is Carrauntoohil which is 1,041 meters above sea level. The western coastline is rugged, with many islands, peninsulas, headlands and bays. The island is bisected by the River Shannon, which at 360.5 km with a 102.1 km estuary is the longest river in Ireland and flows south from County Cavan in Ulster to meet the Atlantic just south of Limerick. There are a number of sizeable lakes along Ireland's rivers, of which Lough Neagh is the largest.The only country Republic of Ireland has a land border with is Northern Ireland.The capital of Ireland is Dublin. Republic of Ireland is washed by Keltic sea.

Population
The population of the Rubuplic of Ireland is approximately 4.75 million people. Although this is a significant growth over recent years, it is still some way below the record high of the early 1840s. Between 1700 and 1840, Ireland experienced rapid population growth, rising from about 3 million in 1700 to over 8 million by 1840 In 1851, after the famine, the population of Ireland had dropped to 6.5 million people. The Great Famine and the emigration caused a dramatic effect, by 1871, Ireland's population had dropped by over a third to four million, and by 1926 had reduced further to three million. It held firm around three million until the early 1970s, when the population began to rise again. Future predictions are for the population to continue to rise until 2031 when it is predicted to be just over five million. The population of Dublin is 1347567 people. The Irish Constitution describes Irish as the "national language", but English is the dominant language. At the time of the 2016 census, the number of non-Irish nationals was recorded at 535,475. The five largest sources of non-Irish nationals were Poland, the UK, Lithuania, Romania and Latvia respectively.

Economy
Ireland has a mixed economy. The constitution provides that the state shall favour private initiative in industry and commerce, but the state may provide essential services and promote development projects in the absence of private initiatives. Thus, state-sponsored (“semistate”) bodies operate the country’s rail and road transport, some of its television and radio stations, its electricity generation and distribution system, and its peat industry. State companies also are active in the fields of air transport and health insurance. The advent of a single European market in the 1990s encouraged many of these enterprises to privatize and become more competitive. Ireland’s high-technology sector—made attractive by a very low 12.5 percent corporate tax rate— spurred economic growth during the 1990s and helped reduce unemployment to historically low levels. The economic boom, during which the country’s growth was more than double that of most other EU countries, gave rise to the country’s being labeled the “Celtic Tiger.” By 2001, however, the benefits of new jobs created by foreign direct investment via multinational corporations had begun to slow. Still focused on high growth, Ireland’s political leadership and its banking sector turned to the mortgage and construction industries to maintain growth. By 2008 it had become clear that much of the growth in banking and construction was a bubble without capital to back it. Collapse soon followed, and Ireland went into a deep economic recession for several years. A bailout of the Irish financial system by the European Union (EU) and the International Monetary Fund (IMF) in 2010 was accompanied by requirements for deep austerity cuts that further dampened prospects for the domestic Irish economy. Ireland had benefited in the 1990s and early 2000s from a combination of low tax rates and responsive social programs; however, both contributed to the significant budget challenges that came as a result of the 2008 financial collapse.