Pyramid. Right and Oblique Pyramids презентация

Pyramid is a polyhedron with one polygon face (called the base). All the other faces are triangles which meet at the apex.

Apothem

1. Right and Oblique Pyramids
In right pyramids, the foot of the altitude is at the centroid of the base. If a pyramid is not right, it is an oblique pyramid.

EXAMPLE:
A right pyramid has a rectangular base with sides 6 m and 10 m. The length of a lateral edge is 13 m.
a. Find the sum of the edge lengths of the pyramid.
b. Find the slant heights of the pyramid.

EXAMPLE:

2. Regular Pyramids
If the base of a right pyramid is a regular polygon, the pyramid is called a regular pyramid.

Properties of a regular pyramid
The lateral edges of a regular pyramid are congruent.
The lateral faces of a regular pyramid are identical isosceles triangles.
The slant heights(APOTHEM) of a regular pyramid are all equal.

A square right pyramid has base edge 6 cm and height 11 cm. What is the apothem of the pyramid?
EXAMPLE:

The apothem of a regular pentagonal pyramid is 10 cm, and a lateral edge is 12 cm. Find the perimeter of the base.
EXAMPLE:

3. Regular Tetrahedron
A regular tetrahedron is a triangular pyramid whose edges are all congruent. All the faces of a regular tetrahedron are equilateral triangles.

EXAMPLE:
Find the slant height and median height of a regular tetrahedron with edge length 10 cm.
EXAMPLE:
What is the distance from the centroid to the base of a regular tetrahedron with edge length 12 cm?

4. Square Pyramid
A square pyramid is a pyramid with a square base and triangular sides.

EXAMPLE:
What is the height of a regular square pyramid whose edges are all congruent and 10 cm?
EXAMPLE:
find the lateral face area of a regular square based pyramid given that its base perimeter is 32 m and the lateral edge is 5 m?

5. Regular Octahedron
A regular octahedron is a solid composed of eight equilateral triangular faces. At each vertex, four of these faces meet.

EXAMPLE:
What is the total surface area of a regular octahedron if its edge length is 7 cm?
EXAMPLE:
For a rectangular right pyramid, the base dimensions are 6 cm and 12 cm and the lateral edge is 10 cm. What is the height of this pyramid?
EXAMPLE:
The apothem of a hexagonal regular pyramid is 11 m and the height of the pyramid is 9 m. What is the apothem of the base?

EXAMPLE:
The base perimeter of a regular octagonal pyramid is 64 cm and a lateral edge is 9 cm. Find the length of an apothem.
EXAMPLE:
What is the length of the median of a regular tetrahedron if one edge is 9 cm?
EXAMPLE:
Find the total surface area of a regular octahedron if every edge is 5 cm.