Reported Speech презентация

tell
Tell используется в прямой и косвенной речи. За ним всегда стоит дополнение без предлога
She told me: “I am at home”.
She told me she was at home.

Say
Say используется в прямой и косвенной речи. За ним может стоять дополнение с предлогом to
She said, “I am at home”.
She said to me, “I am at home”.
She said she was at home.
She said to me she was at home.

Выражения с tell
To tell the truth – говорить правду
To tell a lie – солгать
To tell a secret – рассказать секрет
To tell a story – рассказать историю
To tell a joke – пошутить
To tell the time – сказать время
To tell the difference – различать
To tell smb. the way – сказать кому-н. дорогу

Выражения с say
To say good morning – сказать доброе утро (пожелать доброго утра)
To say something – сказать что-то
To say nothing – ничего не сказать
To say a few words – сказать несколько слов

Местоимения при переводе в косвенную речь меняются
She says, “I am at home”.
She says she is at home.

Если глагол в главном предложении стоит в прошедшем времени, время глагола в придаточном изменяется
Present Simple – Past Simple
Present Continuous – Past Continuous
Present Perfect – Past Perfect
Present Perfect Continuous – Past Perfect Continuous

Past Simple – Past Perfect
Past Continuous – Past Perfect Continuous
Past Perfect – Past Perfect
Past Perfect Continuous – Past Perfect Continuous
Future – Future-in-the-Past (would гл.)

“I play the guitar well”.
He said he played the guitar well.
“I won the competition”.
He said he had won the competition.
“I will do the shopping”.
She said she would do the shopping.

Слова, указывающие на место и время, меняются:
This – that
These – those
Here - there

Now – then
Today – that day
Tonight – that night
Yesterday – the day before (the previous day)
Tomorrow – the next day (the following day)
Last month – the month before (the previous month)
Next month – the month after (the following month)
Ago – before

Специальные вопросы в косвенной речи
He asked вопр. слово подлеж. сказуемое
He asked, “Where do you live?”
He asked where I lived.

Общие вопросы в косвенной речи
He asked if подлежащее сказуемое
He asked, “Do you live in the city?”
He asked if I lived in the city.

Повелительное наклонение в косвенной речи
Утверждение
He ordered (кому) to глагол
He ordered, “Stop the car!”
He ordered (me) to stop the car.