Согласование времён Sequence of Tenses презентация

Tregubenko N.V.
Основное правило:
Если в главном предложении используется одно из прошедших времён (Past), то в придаточном тоже должно быть использовано прошедшее (Past) время или будущее в прошедшем (Future-in-the-Past).

Tregubenko N.V.
FUTURE IN THE PAST
Используется, чтобы выразить
действие, которое было будущим с точки зрения прошлого.
past
present
future
I thought Jack would come in time.
would
will

Tregubenko N.V.
Future Simple in the Past
“He said he would be ready in a moment.”
“He hoped he would do it.”

Tregubenko N.V.
Future Simple in the Past
“Did you think you would return home today?”
“I hoped I would help you.”

Tregubenko N.V.
Future Continuous in the Past
She was sure that her husband would be still repairing his car at ten o’clock in the evening.
They were sure she would be talking for at least another three hours.

Tregubenko N.V.
Future Perfect in the Past
I hoped you wouldn’t have forgotten everything by today.
“I thought I would have finished the work before your arrival.”

Tregubenko N.V.
Действие в придаточном предложении может быть :
одновременным с действием главного предложения
предшествовать действию главного предложения
относиться к будущему

Tregubenko N.V.
I knew (that) –
(Я знал, что)
He said (that) –
(Он сказал, что)
Одновременное действие
he lived in Kiev.
он живёт в Киеве.
Предшествующее
действие
he had lived in Kiev.
он жил в Киеве.
Будущее действие
he would live in Kiev.
он будет жить в Киеве.

Tregubenko N.V.
В придаточном предложении мы отступаем «на одно время назад»:
“Present” becomes “Past”
“Past” becomes “Past Perfect”
“will” becomes “would”

Tregubenko N.V.
Present Indefinite
I do …
Present Continuous
He is doing …
Present Perfect
I have done …
Past Indefinite
I did …
Past Continuous
I was doing …
Past Perfect
I had gone …
Past Indefinite
I did …
Past Continuous
He was doing …
Past Perfect
I had done …
Past Perfect
I had done …
Past Perfect Continuous
I had been doing …
does not change
I had gone …

Tregubenko N.V.
will (future)
can
may
must
would
could
might
must or had to

Tregubenko N.V.
Time and Place Changes
here
this
these
now
today
yesterday
a year ago
last night
tonight
there
that
those
then / at the moment
that day
the day before
the previous day
a year before
the previous night
that night

Tregubenko N.V.
Past Indefinite / Continuous
can stay the same
if we use:
in 1945
2 years ago
yesterday
last week
when he came
(after) since
He said that he left Moscow
5 years ago.
He knew that Peter was at home yesterday.
She said she was working
when I rang her up.
She said I had been writing
since she came.

Exercises

Tregubenko N.V.
Раскройте скобки, поставив глаголы в такую форму, чтобы действия в придаточных предложениях были по отношению к главному:
a) одновременными;
b) предшествующими;
c) будущими.
Переведите на русский язык.
I was happy you (to know) my name.
I was happy you knew my name. (знаешь)
I was happy you had known my name. (знала)
I was happy you would know my name. (узнаешь)

Tregubenko N.V.
Раскройте скобки, поставив глаголы в такую форму, чтобы действия в придаточных предложениях были по отношению к главному:
a) одновременными;
b) предшествующими;
c) будущими.
Переведите на русский язык.
He thought she (to feel) lonely in London.
He thought she felt lonely in London. (чувствует)
He thought she had felt lonely in London. (чувствовала)
He thought she would feel lonely in London. (будет чувствовать)

Tregubenko N.V.
Раскройте скобки, поставив глаголы в такую форму, чтобы действия в придаточных предложениях были по отношению к главному:
a) одновременными;
b) предшествующими;
c) будущими.
Переведите на русский язык.
I hoped that he (to have) breakfast at home.
I hoped that he had breakfast at home. (завтракает)
I hoped that he had had breakfast at home. (позавтракал)
I hoped that he would have breakfast at home. (позавтракает)