Содержание
- 2. Waste management Waste management includes the collection and transport of waste recovery of waste Separation Further
- 3. Waste Policy in Finland Is in line with the EU waste policy Sets the wider perspective
- 4. The 4 R concept The 4R concept Included in the Finnish Waste policy Reduce Reuse Recycle
- 5. Practising the 4 R concept Reducing waste requires activities in the whole product chain and planning
- 6. Lecture 2: Collection and transport
- 7. 8.9.2016 Waste management and recycling - Collection and transport Practises in Household Waste Collection Waste collection
- 8. 8.9.2016 Waste management and recycling - Collection and transport Waste Act Municipal waste management regulations (WA,
- 9. 8.9.2016 Waste management and recycling - Collection and transport Municipal waste management in Mikkeli (example) Mikkeli
- 10. 8.9.2016 Waste management and recycling - Collection and transport How waste management is implemented Waste transport
- 11. 8.9.2016 Waste management and recycling - Collection and transport Waste collection Requirements for waste bins: Durable
- 12. 8.9.2016 Waste management and recycling - Collection and transport Household waste collection Private household Biowaste has
- 13. 8.9.2016 Waste management and recycling - Collection and transport Housing company waste Mixed waste large bins
- 14. 8.9.2016 Waste management and recycling - Collection and transport Public waste collection sites Waste collection at
- 15. 8.9.2016 Waste management and recycling - Collection and transport Public waste collection sites Modern solution is
- 16. 8.9.2016 Waste management and recycling - Collection and transport Logistics in waste transport The waste transport
- 17. 8.9.2016 Waste management and recycling - Collection and transport Waste collection trucks for option C
- 18. 8.9.2016 Waste management and recycling - Collection and transport Logistics and transport routes
- 19. 8.9.2016 Waste management and recycling - Collection and transport Cost of waste collection and transport The
- 20. Lecture 3: Waste sorting
- 21. 8.9.2016 Waste management and recycling - Sorting Waste types Waste should be sorted for recovery In
- 22. 8.9.2016 Waste management and recycling - Sorting Waste centre in Lahti Sorted waste is collected at
- 23. 8.9.2016 Waste management and recycling - Sorting Recyclable materials sorted at source Waste paper collected separately
- 24. 8.9.2016 Waste management and recycling - Sorting Biowaste Biowaste is organic, biologically degradable waste suitable for
- 25. 8.9.2016 Waste management and recycling - Sorting Waste for energy recovery In general paper or plastic
- 26. 8.9.2016 Waste management and recycling - Sorting Waste for landfill Waste not possible to use for
- 27. 8.9.2016 Waste management and recycling - Sorting Material recovery facility MSW is not sorted at source
- 28. 8.9.2016 Waste management and recycling - Sorting Material prices in USA 2002
- 29. 8.9.2016 Waste management and recycling - Sorting MRF facility Commingled recyclable material is sorted into usable
- 30. 8.9.2016 Waste management and recycling - Sorting Processing of and recovery from mixed municipal waste Manual
- 31. 8.9.2016 Waste management and recycling - Sorting Main steps in material classification
- 32. 8.9.2016 Waste management and recycling - Sorting Size Reduction
- 33. 8.9.2016 Waste management and recycling - Sorting Size separation
- 34. 8.9.2016 Waste management and recycling - Sorting Size separation
- 35. 8.9.2016 Waste management and recycling - Sorting Magnetic separation
- 36. 8.9.2016 Waste management and recycling - Sorting Air classifier
- 37. 8.9.2016 Waste management and recycling - Sorting Automated sorting system with sensors
- 38. Lecture 4: Landfill
- 39. 22.9.2016 Waste management and recycling - Landfill Gas collection and utilization system Gas collection system contains
- 40. 22.9.2016 Waste management and recycling - Landfill Planning of a landfill Siting is a problem: ”not
- 41. 22.9.2016 Waste management and recycling - Landfill Gas formation in anaerobic processes Micro-organisms come from daily
- 42. 22.9.2016 Waste management and recycling - Landfill Gas formation… Phase IV – methane fermentation phase Bacteria
- 43. 22.9.2016 Waste management and recycling - Landfill Formation of leachate Amount of leachate varies and depends
- 44. 22.9.2016 Waste management and recycling - Landfill Leachate Quality of leachate depends on the phase of
- 45. 22.9.2016 Waste management and recycling - Landfill Construction of a landfill before filling it The landfill
- 46. 22.9.2016 Waste management and recycling - Landfill Filling Filling system depends on topography Waste is placed
- 47. 22.9.2016 Waste management and recycling - Landfill Waste layers in a landfill a) Bottom layers are
- 48. 22.9.2016 Waste management and recycling - Landfill Landfill Bottom Structure Soil quality is important Structure contains
- 49. 22.9.2016 Waste management and recycling - Landfill Landfill bottom structure Waste fill Drainage Traffic layer Filter
- 50. 22.9.2016 Waste management and recycling - Landfill Required bottom layers Bottom layers Base soil has to
- 51. 22.9.2016 Waste management and recycling - Landfill An example of bottom liners and leachate tubes
- 52. Lecture 5: Composting (part 1)
- 53. 29.9.2016 Waste management and recycling - Composting Definitions Composting = aerobic biological decomposition of the biodegradable
- 54. 29.9.2016 Waste management and recycling - Composting The four phases of decomposition = composting 1) Latent
- 55. 29.9.2016 Waste management and recycling - Composting The five phases of decomposition = composting 3) Thermophilic
- 56. 29.9.2016 Waste management and recycling - Composting Factors affecting the decomposition in the compost Temperature Depends
- 57. 29.9.2016 Waste management and recycling - Composting Factors affecting the decomposition in the compost Particle size
- 58. 29.9.2016 Waste management and recycling - Composting Factors affecting the decomposition in the compost Moisture optimum
- 59. 29.9.2016 Waste management and recycling - Composting Factors affecting the decomposition in the compost Composition of
- 60. 29.9.2016 Waste management and recycling - Composting Materials and elements in composting Often Dry = high
- 61. 29.9.2016 Waste management and recycling - Composting Factors affecting the decomposition in the compost pH The
- 62. 29.9.2016 Waste management and recycling - Composting Factors affecting the decomposition in the compost Odors are
- 63. 29.9.2016 Waste management and recycling - Composting Properties affecting composting Taulukko 3.1 Jätteen ominaisuuksien optimiarvoja. (Lilja
- 64. Lecture 6: Digestion
- 65. 6.10.2016 Waste management and recycling - Digestion Basics of digestion Treatment for biological waste that cannot
- 66. 6.10.2016 Waste management and recycling - Digestion Classification of anaerobic processes Wet process: total dry solids
- 67. 6.10.2016 Waste management and recycling - Digestion Digestion process Biological reactions in the digestion are similar
- 68. 6.10.2016 Waste management and recycling - Digestion Digestion process Methanogenesis: methane - forming bacteria produces methane
- 69. 6.10.2016 Waste management and recycling - Digestion Substrate dissimilation in anaerobic process Protein Carbohydrate Fat Long
- 70. 6.10.2016 Waste management and recycling - Digestion Gas formation in anaerobic processes See anaerobic processes in
- 71. Lecture 7: Waste incineration (part 2)
- 72. 13.10.2016 Waste management and recycling - incineration 2 7.10 Thermal treatment methods of waste (VDI, 2000)
- 73. 13.10.2016 Waste management and recycling - incineration 2 7.10.2 Municipal waste incineration plants – basic structure
- 74. 13.10.2016 Waste management and recycling - incineration 2 Grate firing Grate firing basics Fuel in suitable
- 75. 13.10.2016 Waste management and recycling - incineration 2 Grate firing (cont) Different air flows in grate
- 76. 13.10.2016 Waste management and recycling - incineration 2 Grate firing (cont) Grate structure (VonRoll Environmental Technology
- 77. 13.10.2016 Waste management and recycling - incineration 2 Grate firing (cont) The grate removes the slag
- 78. 13.10.2016 Waste management and recycling - incineration 2 Fluidised bed incineration Fluidised bed incineration has been
- 79. 13.10.2016 Waste management and recycling - incineration 2 Fluidised bed incineration (cont) The purpose for using
- 80. 13.10.2016 Waste management and recycling - incineration 2 Fluidised bed incineration (cont) Fluidised bed reactors are
- 81. 13.10.2016 Waste management and recycling - incineration 2 The structure of the fluidised bed system 1.
- 82. 13.10.2016 Waste management and recycling - incineration 2 Fluidised bed techniques Common The bed material has
- 83. 13.10.2016 Waste management and recycling - incineration 2 Fluidised bed techniques (cont) Small emissions Moderate temperature:
- 84. 13.10.2016 Waste management and recycling - incineration 2 7.10.3 Pyrolysis and gasification Optional methods for waste
- 85. 13.10.2016 Waste management and recycling - incineration 2 Pyrolysis and gasification (cont) Smouldering Gas formation from
- 86. 13.10.2016 Waste management and recycling - incineration 2 Gasification Several processes suitable for municipal waste, dried
- 87. 13.10.2016 Waste management and recycling - incineration 2 Gasification (cont) Example of gasification of wet waste;
- 88. 13.10.2016 Waste management and recycling - incineration 2 Gasification (cont Pressurised gasification (BREF, 2003) Coal-waste mixture
- 89. 13.10.2016 Waste management and recycling - incineration 2 Gasification Figures (cont) Concurrent gasifier (BREF, 2003) German
- 90. 13.10.2016 Waste management and recycling - incineration 2 Gasification (cont) Benefits gasification enables also low quality,
- 91. 13.10.2016 Waste management and recycling - incineration 2 Gasification (cont) Negative features new processes ? uncertainty
- 92. Lecture 8: Hazardous waste
- 93. 20.10.2016 Waste management and recycling - Hazardous waste Is the list definite? If a material is
- 94. Types of hazardous waste Solid wastes Liquid wastes Chemicals Industrial wastes Well known; in environmental permits
- 95. Treatment, main aspects Sorted and labelled waste Waste to energy Thermal treatment Physico-chemical treatment Biological treatment
- 96. 1 High temperature incineration Process units at Ekokem The core unit is a 12-metre rotary kiln
- 97. High temperature incineration of hazardous waste 20.10.2016 Waste management and recycling - Hazardous waste Water treatment
- 98. 4 Physico- chemical processes Inorganic wastes, such as acids, bases and heavy metal containing liquids are
- 99. Physico-chemical processes 20.10.2016 Waste management and recycling - Hazardous waste Non-soluble heavy metal salts and oxides
- 100. Lecture 9: Life cycle assessment
- 101. Waste management and recycling - LCA 10 Life Cycle Assessment = LCA Various names Life cycle
- 102. Waste management and recycling - LCA Life Cycle Assessment = LCA Main idea – think of
- 103. Waste management and recycling - LCA LCA, what is it for? Companies Cleaner processes with good
- 104. Waste management and recycling - LCA Unit process A unit process can be e.g.: - raising
- 105. Waste management and recycling - LCA A system is made up of several unit processes and
- 106. Waste management and recycling - LCA Different emissions cause different things in our environment Impact assessment
- 107. Waste management and recycling - LCA Impact assessment methods - Midpoint Methods are either Midpoint or
- 108. Waste management and recycling - LCA Impact assessment methods - Midpoint cont. Midpoint-oriented methods place indicators
- 110. Скачать презентацию