Chicken Pox презентация

Chicken Pox a.k.a Varicella
Occurs primarily in children, although adults who are not immune can contract it. It is quite contagious and is spread by breathing in infected respiratory droplets or unprotected direct contact with the rash when it has ruptured. In person’s who have had chickenpox, the virus can cause shingles later in life.

What is Chicken Pox?
Chicken pox is caused by a virus called varicella zoster. People who get the virus often develop a rash of spots that looks like blisters all over their bodies.The blisters are small and sit on a area of red skin that can be anywhere from the size of a pencil, eraser to the size of a dime.

What are the Symptoms?
The early symptoms of chicken pox may include cold symptoms, fever, abdominal pain, headaches and a general feeling of illness. These can come with the rash or a day or two before it. The fever may be high the first few days.

Itchy and Scratchy
The best known symptom of chickenpox is the itchy, red rash that breaks out on the face, scalp, chest, back, and sometimes arms and legs. The rash usually appears about 2 weeks after exposure to the virus and begins as superficial spots.
The spots quickly fill with a clear fluid, rupture, and turn crusty. The scabs then fall off in a week or two. The rash continues to break out for the first 1 to 5 days, so spots at various stages of development may be present at the same time. Chickenpox seldom lasts for more than 2 weeks, from the appearance of the first rash to the disappearance of the last one. A secondary infection of the ruptured rash by bacteria may cause high fever and skin scarring.

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Treatment
Isolate the diseased until the rash crusts.
Keep skin clean by frequent baths or, once the fever has subsided, showers. Cool, wet compresses or tepid water baths help to relieve itching. Complications are treated according to symptoms; Secondary bacterial pneumonia is treated with antibiotics.
Antihistamines may be used to help relieve the itching.
Acyclovir is used for severe Varicella infections involving the lungs or the brain and in persons with a depressed immune system.

Prevention
Children between 12 and 18 months should receive a dose of chickenpox vaccine, Varicella-zoster immune globulin. Now, more than 20 states have passed legislation requiring the chickenpox vaccine for child care and school entry. Healthy children older than 13, and adults who have no history of chickenpox and have never been immunized against the disease, should also consider receiving the vaccine.