Слайд 2
![Master Model Orientation Flange Surface Draft angle Release agent](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/334977/slide-1.jpg)
Master Model
Orientation
Flange
Surface
Draft angle
Release agent
Слайд 3
![Master Model Orientation](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/334977/slide-2.jpg)
Слайд 4
![Lounger pattern Flange Dual level flanging Simple flange](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/334977/slide-3.jpg)
Lounger pattern Flange
Dual level flanging
Simple flange
Слайд 5
![Flange/seal rules](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/334977/slide-4.jpg)
Слайд 6
![Primary and secondary seals may follow different paths](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/334977/slide-5.jpg)
Primary and secondary seals may follow different paths
Слайд 7
![Corner radii restriction must be observed Seals placed on pattern to simulate paths](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/334977/slide-6.jpg)
Corner radii restriction must be observed
Seals placed on pattern to simulate
paths
Слайд 8
![Other Flange examples 130 mm +/- 5mm Flange direction change](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/334977/slide-7.jpg)
Other Flange examples
130 mm +/- 5mm
Flange direction change
Слайд 9
![Master Model -Pinch off detail](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/334977/slide-8.jpg)
Master Model -Pinch off detail
Слайд 10
![Inserts in the first mould flange Flange vacuum Injection port Alternatives Autosprue 10mm pipe](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/334977/slide-9.jpg)
Inserts in the first mould flange
Flange vacuum
Injection port
Alternatives
Autosprue
10mm pipe
Слайд 11
![Location of inserts on master pattern](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/334977/slide-10.jpg)
Location of inserts on master pattern
Слайд 12
![Injection port on Face tool](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/334977/slide-11.jpg)
Injection port on Face tool
Слайд 13
![Inserts illustrated Flange vacuum insert Autosprue insert](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/334977/slide-12.jpg)
Inserts illustrated
Flange vacuum insert
Autosprue insert
Слайд 14
![General mould cross section](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/334977/slide-13.jpg)
General mould cross section
Слайд 15
![Typical VM mould production set up](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/334977/slide-14.jpg)
Typical VM mould production set up
Слайд 16
![Location - Dowelling X and y location](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/334977/slide-15.jpg)
Location - Dowelling
X and y location
Слайд 17
![Peripheral Fill Resin mould flow designed to find initial easy](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/334977/slide-16.jpg)
Peripheral Fill
Resin mould flow designed to find initial easy path around
cavity.
Ideal - path fills before cavity starts to fill.
Theory to practise example………
Слайд 18
![Flow path built into Mould flange](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/334977/slide-17.jpg)
Flow path built into Mould flange
Слайд 19
![](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/334977/slide-18.jpg)
Слайд 20
![4m² small craft VM mould - filling](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/334977/slide-19.jpg)
4m² small craft VM mould - filling
Слайд 21
![Reality](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/334977/slide-20.jpg)
Слайд 22
![More Flow shots](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/334977/slide-21.jpg)
Слайд 23
![Face tool Lay up Release agent Tooling gel coat VE](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/334977/slide-22.jpg)
Face tool Lay up
Release agent
Tooling gel coat VE
Tissue + VE
First layer
450 g/m² CSM + VE
Second 3 x 450 g/m² CSM + LP
Frame – wood or light steel
Слайд 24
![Calibration of first mould](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/334977/slide-23.jpg)
Calibration of first mould
Слайд 25
![Seals and flow channel profiles](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/334977/slide-24.jpg)
Seals and flow channel profiles
Слайд 26
![Seals and profiles](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/334977/slide-25.jpg)
Слайд 27
![Resin Runner Profile In face mould or contra mould](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/334977/slide-26.jpg)
Resin Runner Profile
In face mould
or
contra mould
Слайд 28
![Resin runner position](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/334977/slide-27.jpg)
Слайд 29
![Two vacuum levels Vacuum 1 to clamp mould flange. At](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/334977/slide-28.jpg)
Two vacuum levels
Vacuum 1 to clamp mould flange.
At least 85%
providing 1 tonne/linear m.
Vacuum 2 to clamp cavity and assist fill.
55% provides 0.55kg/cm ² clamping.
Слайд 30
![Air driven vacuum control](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/334977/slide-29.jpg)
Air driven vacuum control
Слайд 31
![Accuracy is the Key – Vacuum lock during LRTM Mould build](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/334977/slide-30.jpg)
Accuracy is the Key – Vacuum lock during LRTM Mould build
Слайд 32
![Total Cost of moulds Mould material costs £340 / m²](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/334977/slide-31.jpg)
Total Cost of moulds
Mould material costs £340 / m²
Labour
costs average 30 hrs /m²
Comparison, LRTM tooling is less than 50% the cost of conventional RTM tooling
Слайд 33
![High Volume VM up to 800/ day!](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/334977/slide-32.jpg)
High Volume VM up to 800/ day!
Слайд 34
![VM will mould Small to Large Parts](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/334977/slide-33.jpg)
VM will mould Small to Large Parts
Слайд 35
![LRTM can go big and complicated](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/334977/slide-34.jpg)
LRTM can go big and complicated
Слайд 36
![Wind Turbine housing – approx. 100 m2 surface area](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/334977/slide-35.jpg)
Wind Turbine housing – approx. 100 m2 surface area
Слайд 37
![](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/334977/slide-36.jpg)
Слайд 38
![Difference between RTM and LRTM Moulding Speed Moulding accuracy Equipment requirements](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/334977/slide-37.jpg)
Difference between RTM and LRTM
Moulding Speed
Moulding accuracy
Equipment requirements
Слайд 39
![“RTM” and complimentary “LRTM” closed moulding for composites Difference between RTM and LRTM Moulding Speed](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/334977/slide-38.jpg)
“RTM” and complimentary “LRTM” closed moulding for composites
Difference between RTM
and LRTM
Moulding Speed
Слайд 40
![Moulding Speed LRTM injects the fibre pack at approximately 1/3](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/334977/slide-39.jpg)
Moulding Speed
LRTM injects the fibre pack at approximately 1/3 the speed
of RTM
LRTM cannot be speeded up by using higher injection pressure
RTM is able to inject 2 to 4 times faster
Optimised RTM 6 times faster
Слайд 41
![“RTM” and complimentary “LRTM” closed moulding for composites Difference between](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/334977/slide-40.jpg)
“RTM” and complimentary “LRTM” closed moulding for composites
Difference between RTM
and LRTM
Moulding Speed
Moulding accuracy
Слайд 42
![Moulding Accuracy LRTM moulds within +/- 0.025”at best RTM moulds](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/334977/slide-41.jpg)
Moulding Accuracy
LRTM moulds within +/- 0.025”at best
RTM moulds within +/- 0.002”
at best
LRTM mould accuracy governed by fibre pack and vacuum level- unpredictable
RTM mould set accuracy controlled by design - predictable
Слайд 43
![“RTM” and complimentary “LRTM” closed moulding for composites Difference between](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/334977/slide-42.jpg)
“RTM” and complimentary “LRTM” closed moulding for composites
Difference between RTM
and LRTM
Moulding Speed
Moulding accuracy
Equipment requirements
Слайд 44
![Equipment requirements RTM needs a low pressure meter mix machine](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/334977/slide-43.jpg)
Equipment requirements
RTM needs a low pressure meter mix machine and tool
manipulator.
LRTM needs a VERY low pressure meter mix machine and two vacuum sources
Слайд 45
![Low pressure LRTM Machine Mould Pressure Guard Regulates speed of pump to achieve safe low pressure](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/334977/slide-44.jpg)
Low pressure LRTM Machine
Mould Pressure Guard
Regulates speed of pump
to achieve safe low pressure
Слайд 46
![More Application examples](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/334977/slide-45.jpg)
More Application examples
Слайд 47
![Sunlounger](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/334977/slide-46.jpg)
Слайд 48
![Pacific Composites - Australia](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/334977/slide-47.jpg)
Pacific Composites - Australia
Слайд 49
![Invalid Bath](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/334977/slide-48.jpg)
Слайд 50
![10mm thick 80kg VE resin](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/334977/slide-49.jpg)
Слайд 51
![](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/334977/slide-50.jpg)
Слайд 52
![](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/334977/slide-51.jpg)
Слайд 53
![VM can go big and complicated](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/334977/slide-52.jpg)
VM can go big and complicated
Слайд 54
![](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/334977/slide-53.jpg)
Слайд 55
![](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/334977/slide-54.jpg)
Слайд 56
![Other VM applications](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/334977/slide-55.jpg)
Слайд 57
![Conclusions LRTM is a viable lower cost system complimentary to](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/334977/slide-56.jpg)
Conclusions
LRTM is a viable lower cost system complimentary to RTM.
Tooling manufacture
must be accurate
Material selection, resin, fibre critical.
Operating procedures must be consistent for success.
Слайд 58
![Heating /Temperature control](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/334977/slide-57.jpg)
Heating /Temperature control
Слайд 59
![Electrical Heater-Cloth Application.](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/334977/slide-58.jpg)
Electrical Heater-Cloth Application.
Слайд 60
![](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/334977/slide-59.jpg)
Слайд 61
![](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/334977/slide-60.jpg)
Слайд 62
![](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/334977/slide-61.jpg)
Слайд 63
![](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/334977/slide-62.jpg)
Слайд 64
![](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/334977/slide-63.jpg)
Слайд 65
![](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/334977/slide-64.jpg)
Слайд 66
![](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/334977/slide-65.jpg)
Слайд 67
![](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/334977/slide-66.jpg)
Слайд 68
![](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/334977/slide-67.jpg)
Слайд 69
![](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/334977/slide-68.jpg)
Слайд 70
![](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/334977/slide-69.jpg)
Слайд 71
![](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/334977/slide-70.jpg)
Слайд 72
![](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/334977/slide-71.jpg)
Слайд 73
![](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/334977/slide-72.jpg)
Слайд 74
![](/_ipx/f_webp&q_80&fit_contain&s_1440x1080/imagesDir/jpg/334977/slide-73.jpg)