Герундий (the gerund) презентация

Герундий
Герундий – неличная форма глагола, сочетающая свойства глагола и существительного.

Значение форм герундия
The Indefinite Gerund: I couldn’t help laughing when I saw her in that strange dress.
Примечание: после глаголов to remember, to forget, to excuse, to forgive, to thank, а также с предлогами after, on / upon имеет значение The Perfect Gerund:
I don’t remember seeing him before.
The Perfect Gerund: Ann was proud of having got an excellent mark at the exam.

Синтаксические свойства герундия
1) Может определяться наречием:
The child burst out crying bitterly.
2) Может иметь определение:
Jane’s coming is always a pleasure.
3) Может выполнять функции, свойственные существительному:
The floor in this room needs painting.

Функции герундия
в предложении
1) прямого дополнения к глаголам to avoid, to finish, to enjoy, to give up, to go on...: You must go on working.
2) предложного дополнения к глаголам to think of, to complain of, to dream of, to begin by..: He succeeded in solving the problem.
3) предложного дополнения к прилагательным и причастиям, обычно после глагола to be: found of, used to, ready for..: Nick is very good at painting.

4) беспредложного дополнения к прилагательным worth, busy
5) подлежащего: Walking always gives me an appetite.
6) предикатива: Our aim is learning to speak English.
7) обстоятельства
- обстоятельства времени: Think before answering.
- обстоятельства образа действия: The girl listened without saying a word.

Глагол + герундий
1) В словосочетаниях: to burst out crying (laughing), to spend (waste) time/money doing, to keep (on) doing: The lady kept repeating.
2) После глаголов to need, to require, to want: Your hair needs cutting.

3) В отрицательных предложениях после can’t help:
I can’t feeling sorry about that.
4) Глагол to do часто приобретает герундий:
I usually do most of my washing on Mondays.

Инфинитив или герундий?
Глаголы to remember, to forget, to stop, to go on, to regret:
I shall always remember meeting you for the first time (= remember what one has done, or what has happened).
Remember to go to the post office, won’t you? (= remember what you have to do).

А теперь повторим
Переведите на русский язык, обращая внимание на герундий.
1. Have you finished writing? 2. Taking a cold shower in the morning is very useful. 3. I like skiing, but my sister prefers skating. 4. She likes sitting in the sun. 5. It looks like raining.

А теперь повторим
В каждом предложении выберите инфинитив или герундий.
1. When I’m tired, I enjoy ... television. It’s relaxing. (watch) 2. It was a nice day, so we decided ... for a walk. (go) 3. It’s a nice day. Does anyone fancy ... for a walk? (go) 4. I’m not in a hurry. I don’t mind ... (wait) 5. They don’t have much money. They can’t afford ... out very often. (go)