Lecture 5. Memory accesses and memory management. Swapping. Main components of an operating system презентация

Main Components Of An Operating System
Process Management
Disk And File Systems
Memory Management
Inter-process communication (IPC)

In the early days of electronic computing, two different processor/memory architectures emerged:

Princeton Architecture
(von Neumann architecture)

The principles of von Neumann."
1. The principle of program control.
2. The principle of one memory.
3. The principle of memory addressability.

Harvard Architecture – Two separate memories. One contains only data while the other is containing only program code.

Which is better?
Each architecture has its advantages: All else being equal, the Harvard model has the edge in performance. The Von Neumann model is more flexible.

Types of memory
Automatic
static RAM
dynamic RAM

MCB
The concept of a memory control block (MCB) was introduced in MS-DOS, Version 2.0, as the operating system's basic method of tracking memory allocation for application programs and installable device drivers.

Memory Technology Trade-offs

Flat memory model or linear memory model