Investigation, of the use of planetary-circular gears in machine. Tool drives презентация

The modernization of the CNC machine is usually associated with the replacement of the CNC system. After replacing the CNC device, the user would like to get a modern machine that is superior to the old in terms of performance and reliability.
But the reliability of the machine is unlikely to increase if it has left the old drives, the measuring system and the devices of electroautomatics. A significant increase in reliability can be expected only when new drives are installed along with the CNC

Turning-rotary double-stand machine mod. 1А563F4 is equipped with an outdated CNC system. It is made on an outdated element base and has long been discontinued, the search for accessories for it is a big problem and it does not take into account its limited capabilities, low reliability and moral aging.

When installing modern CNC systems and modernized drive mechanisms of the machine tools, the following benefits are achieved:
- increasing the reliability of the machine;
- production of parts with given precise parameters;
- increase of productivity and convenience of work;
- expansion of technological possibilities for work with modern cutting tools;
- improvement of maintenance;
- the ability to diagnose, assemble and install control programs from a remote computer;
- turning the machine into a single computer network to control its loading and downtime.

As a gutter for the study, consider a multipurpose turning carousel double-stand machine. 1А563F4. The machine tool is intended for roughing and finishing of steel and cast iron parts, products made of non-ferrous metals and their alloys. On the machine you can perform the following technological operations:
-processing of internal, external, end surfaces of rotation of a simple and complex form (cylinder, cone, sphere, etc.);
-cutting of screws or screw grooves on surfaces;
-processing of coaxial axes of rotation of the faceplate (cylinder, cone, end face);
-mixing of complex surfaces;
- drilling, boring, winding, deployment and cutting of chains in the openings, co-axis of rotation of the milling spindle.
Typical processing schemes on the machine 1А563F4

The most important trend in the design of high-tech products of modern production: aircraft, modern CNC machines, power plants, is the use of high-precision reducers, which are one of the types of mechatronic modules. Their application has a significant impact on ensuring high output technical and economic performance of the whole product.

Along with the common industrial cylindrical, cylindrical-conical gearboxes are becoming increasingly relevant gearboxes based on planetary, cycloid, treadmill and wave transmissions.
The application of these gearboxes is due to the combination of compactness, high power, high accuracy, durability and reliability. Planetary-сircular reducers allow reaching transmission numbers for one transmission up to 191.

The epicycloidal coupling embodied in them has a high efficiency of 0.98. At the same time, in the involvement involved up to 50% of the teeth involved, and in the emblem - no more than four. This definitely contributes to a significant increase in smoothness of the course, reduction of loads on the tooth, the possibility of a significant increase in the load of the gearbox, minimizing the backlash. Specific mass of planetary-gear drives with epicycloidal coupling up to seven times less than the immovable planetary gearboxes.

In a planetary gearbox, the concentrated rotation of the input shaft with the eccentric provides eccentric rotation of the satellites installed on these eccentrics. The peculiarity of this gear, in addition to the profile of the teeth, is the location of the tread casing and the condition for the routing of the satellites according to these treads - the role of treadings in modern gearboxes is performed by rollers. The output flange, as well as the input, carries out a concentric movement. In this case, the gear unit is attached to the executive unit of the mechatronic module.

So, planetary gear units of general purpose, having good vibroacoustic, specific mass-grossing characteristics realize transmission ratios of 7 to 100 in one degree, transmission capacity up to 250 kW, torque 10 ... 50,000 Nm.
Good dynamic characteristics, small moments of inertia of the rotating units and their low angular velocity (with a large transmission ratio) provide sufficient speed of such transmission during transient processes (start, stop, change of direction of movement).

Wide introduction to the drives of planetary gear reducers is constrained by the following: the finishing of the cycloid profile of the tooth in traditional equipment with high accuracy, the profile of the cutting tool, low sensitivity to mounting errors, and the change in intermediate distance of the coupling and the linearity of the rigidity characteristics.
The greatest difficulty is the technological finishing of the cycloidal profile of the tooth, especially in hardened wheels.

The further development of the production of planetary gear drives will significantly expand their application in precision drives of feeder CNC machines, mechanisms of launching launchers, drives antennas and other machines, which will ensure their further reduction in mass -general dimensions while maintaining the realized capacity, increasing the accuracy of positioning, increasing the technical resource , reducing vibration and increasing the efficiency.

In order to create modern planetary-transmission programs that are competitive in the world market, it is necessary to clarify the existing calculation methods and develop new ones that would allow to create structures with the most optimal parameters, such as specific metal content, efficiency, etc.

Construction of a planetary-circular gearbox
First stage:
From the received calculation data, a two-dimensional drawing of a two-stage planetary gear transmission was constructed (see appendix). The task of which is to give an understanding of the dimensions and dimensions obtained in the design process for their further use in 3D modeling.

Construction of a planetary-circular gearbox

Second stage:
The purpose of the second stage is to simulate a 3-dimensional model, which gives more insight into the design of tire wheels and their profile of engagement. Guided by the data of the used literature and the analysis of known analogs of tread gears, a prototype gearbox with advanced structural elements was designed.
In the modeling of solid-state components of the assembly, the CAD-system of the higher level Autodesk Inventor was used.
At the same time, two features are taken into account:
-The first is due to the presence of an epicycloid profile of the gear wheel;
-The other one is connected with the features of combinations of gearbox elements.
Construction of a planetary-circular gearbox

CAD-model of two-level a planetary-circular сreducer
Construction of a planetary-circular gearbox

Construction of a planetary-circular gearbox
Third stage:
Using the characteristics of the turning-carousel machine, its drive system, the electric system, and mass-dimensional indicators and a pre-modeled gearbox, a 3-dimensional model of the drive of the feed of the turning servo (see dod) was designed.
The purpose was to analyze the design of the drive. Get data for further development of this issue.

Construction of a planetary-circular gearbox
Modernized drive of vertical calipers of CNC turning and turning machine 1А563F4