Немного формул. Aminoacids презентация

Modified aminoacids in proteins
N,N,N-Trimethylalanine
N-Acetylserine
Cystine
4-Hydroxyproline
3-Methylhistidine
N-Formylmethionine
γ-Carboxyglutamate
N,N,N-Trimethyllysine
O-Phosphotyrosine
ω-Methylarginine
O-Phosphoserine
5-Hydroxylysine
N-Phosphohistidine
O-Phosphothreonine
N-acetyloglucosyl asparagine
5-Hydroxygalactosoglucosyl lysine
O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine

Non-protein aminoacids
S-aminoethyl
cysteine
Azetidine-2-
carboxylic acid
3-cyanoalanine
Canaline
Albizziine
Ornithine
Canavanine
Se-methyl-seleno
cysteine
Indospicine
Homoserine
Homocysteine
D-serine
Citrulline
Azaserine
S-Adenosylmethionine

Purine
Hypoxanthine
Guanine
Adenine
Urate
Xanthine
Pyrimidine
7-Methylguanine
Cytosine
5-Hydroxycytosine
Uracil
Orotic acid
Thymine
5-Methylcytosine

Bioactive amines
Adenosine
Histamine
Serotonine
Tyroxine
Dopamine
Adrenaline
N-Methyl-D-aspartate
NMDA
γ-Aminobutyric acid
GABA
Glutamate
Glycine
Spermine
Spermidine
Melatonin

Bioactive lipids
(Selected)

Ribose
Glucuronate
Arabinose
Fructose
Glucose
Galactose
Mannose
Fucose
Sialic Acid
Inositol
D-Abequose
L-Rhamnose
A carbohydrate toolkit - I

Polysaccharides
Cellulose
Chitin
Glycogen
Chondroitin sulfate
Dermatan sulfate
Heparin disaccharide
Hyaluronate
Keratan sulfate
Heparin Pentasaccharide

Linoleate 18:2 Δ 9,12
(9,12-Octadecadienoic acid)
Di- and more unsaturated fatty acids Toolkit
α−Linolenate 18:3 Δ 9,12,15
(9,12,15-Octadecatrienoic acid)
γ−Linolenate 18:2 Δ 6,9,12
(6,9,12-Octadecatrienoic acid)
Arachidonate 20:4 Δ 5,8,11,14
(5,8,11,14-Eicosatetraenoic acid)
Meadate 20:3 Δ 5,8,11
(5,8,11-Eicosatrienoic acid)
Parinarate 18:4 Δ 9,11,13,15
(9,11,13,15-Octadecatetraenoic acid)
Adrenate 22:3 Δ 7,10,13,16
(7,10,13,16-Docosatetraenoic acid)
Cervonate 22:6 Δ 4,7,10,13,16,19
(4,7,10,13,16,19-Docosahexaenoic acid)
Timnodonate 20:5 Δ 5,8,11,14,17
(5,8,11,14,17-Eicosapentaenoic acid)
Clupanodonate 22:5 Δ 7,10,13,16,19
(7,10,13,16,19-Docosapentaenoic acid)

Glycerides
Diacylglycerol
Cardiolipin
Lysophosphatidic acid
Phosphatidic acid
Phosphatidylcholine
Phosphatidylinositol
Triacylglycerol

Laurate 12:0
Dodecanoic acid
A Saturated fatty acid Toolkit
Myristate 14:0
Tetradecanoic acid
Palmitate 16:0
Hexadecanoic acid
Stearate 18:0
Octadecanoic acid
Arachidate 20:0
Eicosanoic acid
Behenate 22:0
Docosanoic acid
Lignocerate 24:0
Tetracosanoic acid
Cerotate 26:0
Hexacosanoic acid
Montanate 28:0
Octacosanoic acid

ω-3 and ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids
Linoleic acid
LA
Eicosapentaenoic acid
EPA
Docosahexaenoic acid
DHA
Arachidonic acid
AA
Docosapentanoic acid
DPA
Linolenic acid
LNA
γ-Linoleic acid
GLA

cAMP
Nucleotide second messengers and derivatives
8-Bromo-cAMP
Dibutyryl-cAMP
cGMP
Dibutyryl-cGMP
cADP-Ribose
8-Bromo-cADP-Ribose
β-NAADP
β-NAAD

ATP
GTP
UTP
CTP
deoxyATP
deoxyTTP
deoxyCTP
deoxyGTP
NAD
FAD
ITP
XTP
Nucleotide Toolkit

Cholesterol
Sterol Toolkit
Pregnenolone
Progesterone
Aldosterone
Cortisol
Corticosterone
Androstendione
Testosterone
Estriol
17β-Estradiol
1, 25-Dihydroxy-
cholecalciferol
Cholic acid
Dihydroepi-
androsterone
DHEA
2-Methoxyestradiol
Cholecalciferol
Epiestriol

1, 25-Dihydroxy-
cholecalciferol, Vitamin D
Vitamins
Riboflavin
Vitamin B2
Folate
Biotin
Pantothenic acid
Pyridoxine
Vitamin B6
Retinol
Vitamin A1
Phylloquinone
Vitamin K1
α-Tocopherol
Vitamin E
Ascorbic acid
Vitamin C
Vitamin B12
Thiamine
Vitamin B1

Glycolysis
Glucose
Glucose-
6-phosphate
Fructose-
6-phosphate
Fructose-
1, 6-bisphosphate
Dihydroxyacetone
phosphate
Glyceraldehyde
3-phosphate
1, 3 Bisphospho
glycerate
3–Phospho
glycerate
2–Phospho
glycerate
Phospho
enolopyruvate
Pyruvate
Lactate
2 NADH 2 NAD+
2 NADH 2 NAD+
2 ATP
2 ATP
ATP
ATP
ADP
ADP
2 ADP
2 ADP
Hexokinase
Phosphoglucose
isomerase
Phospho
fructokinase
Aldolase
Triose
phosphate
isomerase
Glyceraldehyde
3-phosphate
dehydrogenase
Phospho
glycerate
kinase
Phospho
glycerate
mutase
Pyruvate
kinase
Lactate
dehydrogenase
Enolase

Pentose phosphate pathway
Glucose-
6-phosphate
Ribulose
5-phosphate
Glyceraldehyde
3-phosphate
Ribose
5-phosphate
NADP
H2O
NADPH
6-Phospho
gluconolactone
6-Phospho
gluconate
NADP
NADPH
CO2
Xylulose
5-phosphate
Sedoheptulose
7-phosphate
Fructose-
6-phosphate
Erythrose
4-phosphate
Glucose-6-phosphate
Dehydrogenase
Phosphoglucose
isomerase
Lactonase
6-Phosphogluconate
dehydrogenase
Phospho-
pentose
epimerase
Phospho-
pentose
isomerase
Transketolase
Transaldolase

Fatty acid
synthase
β-ketoacyl
ACP-synthase
Fatty acids synthesis
Acetyl CoA
carboxylase
ATP
ADP + Pi
Acetyl CoA
Malonyl CoA
Citrate
Oxaloacetate
ATP
ADP + Pi
Citrate lyase
Acetyl
transacylase
Malonyl
transacylase
β-ketoacyl
ACP-reductase
β-hydroxyacyl
ACP-dehydratase
Enoyl-ACP
reductase
Pantetheine
NADPH
NADP
NADPH
NADP

Urea Cycle
Ornitine
transcarbamoylase
Ornithine
Arginine
Carbamoylphosphate
Carbamoylphosphate
synthetase
Argininosuccinate
synthetase
2 ATP
Cytruline
Argininosuccinate
Argininosuccinate
lyase
Aspartate
ATP
AMP
PPi
2 ADP
Fumarate
Arginase
H2O
Urea

IMP
XMP
Purine catabolism
GMP
AMP
5’-nucleotidase
Inosine
Xanthosine
Guanosine
Adenosine
AMP deaminase
Adenosine
deaminase
Hypoxanthine
Xanthine
Guanine
5’-nucleotidase
5’-nucleotidase
5’-nucleotidase
Purine Nucleoside
phosphorylase
Purine Nucleoside
phosphorylase
Purine Nucleoside
phosphorylase
Urate
Xanthine
dehydrogenase
Xanthine
dehydrogenase
Guanine
deaminase

Purine ring de novo synthesis
PRPP
Synthetase
N10-Formyl
THF
THF
PRPP
P-Ribose
Phosphoribosyl
amine
Glycinamide
ribonucleotide
N10-Formyl
THF
THF
Amidophosphoribosyl
transferase
Phosphoribosyl
glycinamide
synthetase
Phosphoribosyl
glycinamide
formyltransferase
Phosphoribosyl
formylglycinamidine
synthetase
Phosphoribosyl
aminoimidazole
synthetase
Phosphoribosyl
aminoimidazole
carboxylase
Phosphoribosyl
aminoimidazole
succinocarboxamide
synthetase
Adenylosuccinate
lyase
Phosphoribosyl
aminoimidazole
carboxamide
formyltransferase
IMP
cyclohydrolase
IMP
ATP
ATP
ATP
ATP
Formylglycinamide
ribonucleotide
Formylglycinamidine
ribonucleotide
5-aminoimidazole
ribonucleotide
5-aminoimidazole
4-carboxylate
ribonucleotide
5-aminoimidazole
4-Nsuccinocarboxamide
ribonucleotide
5-aminoimidazole
4-carboxamide
ribonucleotide
5-Formamidoimidazole
4-carboxamide
ribonucleotide
ATP
ATP

Pyrimidine ring de novo synthesis
PRPP
Phosphoribose
2 ATP
ATP
Mitochondrion
PRPP
Synthetase
Carbamoyl phosphate
Synthetase II
Aspartate
transcarbamoylase
Dihydroorotase
Orotate
phosphoribosyl
transferase
Orotidine
5’-monophosphate
decarboxylase
UMP
Orotidine
5’-monophosphate
Orotate
Orotate
Dihydroorotate
Dihydroorotate
Dihydroorotate
dehydrogenase
Carbamoyl
aspartate
Carbamoyl
phosphate

Biosynthesis of Dopamine and Adrenaline
B6
Tyrosine
hydroxylase
(THP)
Noradrenaline
methyltransferase
Aromatic L-amino
acid decarboxylase
(AADC)
Dopamine
β-hydroxylase

Biosynthesis of polyamines
putrescine, spermidine and spermine
S-Adenosylmethionine
Decarboxy-S-Adenosylmethionine
Methyl-S-Adenosine
S-Adenosylmethionine
decarboxylase
Propylamino-
transferase
Ornitine
decarboxylase
Propylamino-
transferase
Spermine

Biosynthesis of Serotonin and Melatonin 2
(Skin, gut, pineal gland)
Tryptophan
Hydroxylase
(TPH-1)
Aromatic AA
decarboxylase
(AAAD)
N-acetyl
transferase
(AANAT, NAT)
N-acetyl
transferase
(NAT)
4-Hydroxyindole
O-methyltransferase
(HIOMT, ASMT)
4-Hydroxyindole
O-methyltransferase
(HIOMT, ASMT)
(S)-Adenosylmethionine
Acetyl-CoA
Acetyl-CoA
(S)-Adenosylmethionine
Pyridoxal phosphate
Tetrahydrobiopterin